Lesson 1 - Grammar - AGE
Age
PERSONAL PRONOUNS
Analyse these sentences which contain personal pronouns (in bold):
We meet her on Mondays.
He doesn’t want to see you.
I suspect they won’t listen to us.
They have never heard about him.
- Ćwiczenie 3 aqm
Complete the table:
| Subject pronouns | I | you | she | we | |||
| Object pronouns | me | him | it | them |
Additional information:
- we use object pronoun forms in short responses:
- I like animals. - Me too.
- Who gave you that book? - Him, not them.
- we also use object pronoun forms in comparisons after as and than:
He doesn’t want as much as us.
Mary’s brother is older than her.
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS
Look at these sentences containing possessive pronouns (in bold):
Janet’s room is big but my room is even bigger. = Hers is big but mine is even bigger. Is this your book or Henry’s book? = Is this yours or his? Whose car is this? > It’s not our car, it’s probably their car. = It’s not ours, it’s probably theirs.
Now choose the correct ending/endings:
We use possessive pronouns:
to substitute possessive noun phrases (e.g. his dog)
to describe adjectives and/or nouns
to answer questions with Whose?
Complete the table:
| Subject pronouns | I | you | he | she | it | we | they |
| Possessive pronouns |
Warning!
Do not mix them up with possessive adjectives (my, your, his, her, our, their). Possessive pronouns are used alone, possessive adjectives are followed by a noun (see the examples above).
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
The forms of reflexive pronouns are below on the right:
I - myself
You (singular) - yourself
You (plural) - yourselves
He - himself
She - herself
It - itself
We - ourselves
They - themselves
-
We use reflexive pronouns:
- when the subject and the object are the same thing or person
- as the object after most prepositions, referring to the subject
- when we want to emphasize some person or thing ( “in person”, “with no help”)
- after by to emphasize “alone”
- Ćwiczenie 7 aqm
In English, we do not normally use reflexive pronouns after these verbs, although in some cases we may in Polish:
approach, complain, concentrate, decide, feel + adjective, hurry (up), lie down, meet, relax, sit down, wake up, wonder, worry
With change (clothes), dress and wash, we can use a reflexive pronoun to stress that the action requires effort:
Tony is only four but he can already dress himself.
IDIOMS WITH REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
Complete the table:
| SUBJECT | OBJECT | POSSESSIVE | REFLEXIVE |
| myself | |||
| You | (2 words) | ||
| his | |||
| it | ----------------------- | ||
| We | |||
| themselves |
- Ćwiczenie 14 aqm
