Lesson 1 - Grammar - AGE

Age

• Ćwiczenie 1 aqm
• Ćwiczenie 2 aqm

PERSONAL PRONOUNS

Analyse these sentences which contain personal pronouns (in bold):

We meet her on Mondays.
He doesn’t want to see you.
I suspect they won’t listen to us.
They have never heard about him.

• Ćwiczenie 3 aqm

Complete the table:

Subject pronouns	I	you		she		we
Object pronouns	me		him		it		them

Answer

Subject pronouns	I	you	he	she	it	we	they
Object pronouns	me	you	him	her	it	us	them

Additional information:

• we use object pronoun forms in short responses:
  

- I like animals. - Me too.
- Who gave you that book? - Him, not them.

• we also use object pronoun forms in comparisons after as and than:
  

He doesn’t want as much as us.
Mary’s brother is older than her.

POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS

Look at these sentences containing possessive pronouns (in bold):

Janet’s room is big but my room is even bigger. = Hers is big but mine is even bigger. Is this your book or Henry’s book? = Is this yours or his? Whose car is this? > It’s not our car, it’s probably their car. = It’s not ours, it’s probably theirs.

Now choose the correct ending/endings:

We use possessive pronouns:

to substitute possessive noun phrases (e.g. his dog) Dobrze

to describe adjectives and/or nouns Źle

to answer questions with Whose? Dobrze

Complete the table:

Subject pronouns	I	you	he	she	it	we	they
Possessive pronouns

Answer

Subject pronouns	I	you	he	she	it	we	they
Possessive pronouns	mine	yours	his	her		ours	theirs

Warning!
Do not mix them up with possessive adjectives (my, your, his, her, our, their). Possessive pronouns are used alone, possessive adjectives are followed by a noun (see the examples above).

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

The forms of reflexive pronouns are below on the right:
I - myself
You (singular) - yourself
You (plural) - yourselves
He - himself
She - herself
It - itself
We - ourselves
They - themselves

We use reflexive pronouns:
1. when the subject and the object are the same thing or person
2. as the object after most prepositions, referring to the subject
3. when we want to emphasize some person or thing ( “in person”, “with no help”)
4. after by to emphasize “alone”

• Ćwiczenie 7 aqm

In English, we do not normally use reflexive pronouns after these verbs, although in some cases we may in Polish:

approach, complain, concentrate, decide, feel + adjective, hurry (up), lie down, meet, relax, sit down, wake up, wonder, worry

With change (clothes), dress and wash, we can use a reflexive pronoun to stress that the action requires effort:
Tony is only four but he can already dress himself.

IDIOMS WITH REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

• Ćwiczenie 8 aqm [brak obrazkow]
• Ćwiczenie 9 aqm
• Ćwiczenie 10 aqm
• Ćwiczenie 11 aqm
• Ćwiczenie 12 aqm

Complete the table:

SUBJECT	OBJECT	POSSESSIVE	REFLEXIVE
			myself
You			(2 words)
		his
	it	-----------------------
We
			themselves

Answer

SUBJECT	OBJECT	POSSESSIVE	REFLEXIVE
I	me	mine	myself
You	you	yours	yourself / yourselves
He	him	his	himself
She	her	hers	herself
It	it	-----------------------	itself
We	us	ours	ourselves
They	them	theirs	themselves

• Ćwiczenie 14 aqm